Sources and References
Lawler, Daniel. “Breakthrough: World’s Smallest Pacemaker Is The Size of a Rice Grain.” Agence France-Presse, 3 April 2025, https://www.afp.com/articles/breakthrough-worlds-smallest-pacemaker-is-the-size-of-a-rice-grain.
Morris, Amanda. “World’s Smallest Pacemaker Is Activated by Light.” Northwestern University, 2 April 2025, https://news.northwestern.edu/articles/worlds-smallest-pacemaker-is-activated-by-light.
Wogan, Tim. “Pacemaker the Size of a Grain of Rice Could Save Children’s Lives After Surgery.” Agence France-Presse, 7 April 2025, https://www.afp.com/articles/pacemaker-the-size-of-a-grain-of-rice.
Zhang, Yamin, et al. “Millimetre-Scale Bioresorbable Optoelectronic Systems for Electrotherapy.” Nature, vol. 640, 2 April 2025, pp. 77–86, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08726-4.




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